In order to study the classification of statute one must know what are statutes and then its classification etc. Black LAW Dictionary defines the term 'statutes' as a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a country, state or city.
The Constitution of India does not define the term Statute. Instead it uses the term "Law". The term law is defined in Article-13(3) (a) as to include any ordinances, order, bye-law, rule, regulation, notification, custom, or usage having force of law. Itwould be appropriate to say that statute is the will of Indian Legislature. Indian statute is the act of Central or State legislature. Statues also include laws passed by Provincial Legislature in Pre- Independence days as well as regulations. Statutes are rules made by legislative bodies; they are distinguished from case law or precedents, which is decided by courts and regulations issued by government agencies.
The term statute is also used to refer to an International treaty that establishes an institution, such as the Statute of the European Central Bank, a protocol to the international courts as well, such as the Statute of the International Court of Justice and the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Statute is also another word for law. The term was adapted from England in about the 18th century. A statue may be classified with reference to its duration, nature of operation, object and extent of application.
In H.V. Kamath v. Ahmad Ishaque it was held that mandatory provision has to be strictly observed whereas substantial compliance of a directory provision is enough.
Conclusion.
To conclude the above mentioned things it would be appropriate that each and every statute has its specifications and are enacted for the welfare of the citizens. The biggest statute which governs our country and portrays the adequate standard of living as well as provides remedies to approach to Hon'ble Supreme Court of India whenever there is violation of fundamental rights i.e. basic rights guaranteed to each and every citizens of India without any discrimination, is our Constitution of India.
The most important thing is that all the laws are interconnected with the Constitution of India. Whenever a statue is being prepared in India by the legislature, the foremost thing which is inscribed in the minds of the legislature that the statute which they are preparing does not violate the provisions mentioned in the Constitution of India otherwise it will be declared unconstitutional. There must be a nexus between the Indian constitution and that particular statute in order to get it implemented in India and the very same thing applies to pre-constitutional laws, customs etc. If anything is contrary in the pre-constitution with the constitution of India, it will be declared unconstitutional.
The very unique feature of our Constitution is that there are doctrines and test mentioned in Article-13 and Article-14, on which a new law or an old customs is tested even if there is slightest possibility of violation of fundamental rights. They are doctrine of severability, eclipse, waiver, territorial nexus and test of intelligible differentia mentioned in Art. 14 of the Indian constitution and also there is a test popularly known as test of proportionality being implemented by the Hon'ble SC to check the law in its cases whenever there is violation and the law is contrary to the fundamental rights.